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Hydrogen fuel cell cars seem great: hydrogen and oxygen in, nothing but water out. But if that hydrogen comes from dirty, carbon-emission spewing power plants, your sustainable car might not be so green after all. #fuelcell #electriccars #emissions

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Credits:
Executive Producers:
George Zaidan
Hilary Hudson

Producers:
Elaine Seward
Andrew Sobey
Darren Weaver

Writer/Host:
Alex Dainis, PhD

Scientific consultants:
Michelle Boucher, PhD
Jay B. Benziger, PhD
Leila Duman, PhD

Sources:
How internal combustion engines work
https://www.energy.gov/eere/vehicles/articles/internal-combustion-engine-basics#:~:text=Theengineconsistsofa,inturnrotatesthecrankshaft.&text=Afterthepistoncompressesthe,pistonduringthepowerstroke.
https://www.caranddriver.com/features/a26962316/how-a-car-works/
https://www.energy.gov/eere/vehicles/articles/internal-combustion-engine-basics#:~:text=Theengineconsistsofa,inturnrotatesthecrankshaft.&text=Afterthepistoncompressesthe,pistonduringthepowerstroke.

Hydrogen combustion engines
https://www1.eere.energy.gov/hydrogenandfuelcells/tech_validation/pdfs/fcm03r0.pdf
https://www.motorauthority.com/news/1132103_could-hydrogen-keep-the-internal-combustion-engine-alive

Fuel cell chemistry
https://afdc.energy.gov/vehicles/how-do-fuel-cell-electric-cars-work

Natural gas reforming
https://www.energy.gov/eere/fuelcells/hydrogen-production-natural-gas-reforming

96% of hydrogen made from fossil fuels
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ese3.956

The production of hydrogen for all kinds of industries, not just fuel cells, is responsible for 830 million tonnes of carbon dioxide each year
https://www.iea.org/fuels-and-technologies/hydrogen

Energy production more efficient at a central plant
https://www.forbes.com/sites/enriquedans/2018/08/19/myths-and-shibboleths-about-electric-vehicles-the-long-tailpipe-theory/#:~:text=Thereasonisassimple,theefficiencyofthesevehicles.&text=Aninternalcombustionenginein,energysimplylostasheat.

EV more efficient than fuel cell
https://theconversation.com/hydrogen-cars-wont-overtake-electric-vehicles-because-theyre-hampered-by-the-laws-of-science-139899

Benefits of hydrogen powered cars
https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=1bf1cbf0-ac2f-4b39-a3de-2df77a9a515e

Green methods of producing hydrogen
http://www.fsec.ucf.edu/en/consumer/hydrogen/basics/production-solar.htm#:~:text=Pigmentsinalgaeabsorbsolar,watersplittingusingthermochemicalsteps
https://www.energy.gov/eere/fuelcells/hydrogen-production-photoelectrochemical-water-splitting

What is U.S. electricity generation by energy source?
https://www.eia.gov/tools/faqs/faq.php?id=427&t=3